But at it's heart, the vampire legend is about blood -- stolen blood. From prehistoric times, people have known the importance of this mysterious substance. It is at the center of family relationships (related by blood) and religions (blood sacrifices, the Crucifixion). It means life (lifeblood) and death (anemia, leukemia, and AIDS). To steal blood is to steal the soul.
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Two thousand years ago, Lilith was a Hebrew demon said to be Adam's first wife. She disobeyed Adam and was condemned to never have children. Her revenge was to suck blood from children and pregnant women.
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Vampires were officially recognized by the Catholic Church in 1215, and European villagers blamed them for the Black Death that killed 25 million people between 1347 and 1350.
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The earliest known written vampire tale appeared in 1734 -- the British poem, "The Vampyre of the Fens." The first novel is believed to be John Polidori's The Vampyre, published in 1819.
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Bram Stoker's class Dracula was written in 1897.
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Vampires took on a new life with the advent of film. The first was a Hungarian version of Dracula in 1920, which has since been lost. The German classic Nosferatu starred max Schreck as the vampire in 1922. Five years later, Tod Browning made America's first vampire film, London After Midnight, starring Lon Chaney as the vampire. His immortal Dracula, with Bela Lusosi, followed in 1931.
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An interesting 1993 perspective from The Vampire Encyclopedia by Matthew Bunson follows, where the vampire phenomenon had already been raging.
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The late 1980s and early 1990s have witnessed an eruption of interest in the undead greater than any other vampire craze of modern times: larger than epidemics of vampire fascination in America and Europe during the 1970s or in Paris during the 1820s when there were stage plays, comedies, musicals, and translations of John Polidori's influential 1819 short story, "The Vampyre" (and where it was said by one writer that "One can see vampires everywhere!"). In 1992 alone, there were novels, including Anne Rice's The Tale of the Body Thief, and several major films, including Innocent Blood, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, and, of course, Bram Stoker's Dracula. Vampire societies and organizations are thriving. Bands, playing so-called Gothic Rock, featuring "vampire" singers and musicians, blast out their throbbing, hypnotic ballads to enthralled vampire wannabes in the dark, moody bowels of clubs in American and European cities. There are vampire books, posters, toys, games, new editions of the novel Dracula, records, and even an Annie Lennox music video called "Love Song for a Vampire."